The editors of JECS are responsible for deciding which articles to publish, guided by referees' reports and the journal's policies. Decisions are based on academic merit, originality, and relevance to the journal's scope. Editors act without interference from commercial or political interests and comply with legal requirements regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism.

All manuscripts are reviewed solely on the basis of intellectual content, without regard to age, gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, country of origin, religious background, or political philosophy of the authors.

All manuscripts submitted for peer review are treated as confidential documents. Editors, editorial staff, and reviewers must not disclose information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, other reviewers, or editorial advisers.

When allegations of misconduct arise, the Editorial Board follows the guidelines and flowcharts provided by COPE. Investigations are conducted with diligence, and all parties are given the opportunity to respond. Appropriate actions include issuing corrections, retractions, expressions of concern, or notifying the authors' institutions.

JECS adheres to the COPE Retraction Guidelines. Retractions are issued when clear evidence of serious flaws or misconduct is found, including data fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, duplicate publication, or unethical research practices. Retraction notices are published separately, linked to the original article, and the original article remains online with a clear "Retracted" watermark.

All authors, reviewers, and editors must disclose any financial, personal, or professional conflicts of interest that could influence the research or its evaluation. Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript will not be used by editors or reviewers for their own research purposes without the author's explicit written consent.

• Reporting Standards: Authors must present accurate, objective research with sufficient detail to permit replication.
• Data Access and Retention: Raw data should be available for editorial review and retained for a reasonable time after publication.
• Originality and Plagiarism: All work must be original. Submissions are screened using iThenticate; plagiarism in any form is unacceptable.
• Multiple or Concurrent Publication: Authors should not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently.
• Authorship: Only those who contributed significantly should be listed. Changes to authorship require written consent from all authors.
• Disclosure of Conflicts: Any financial or personal conflicts that could influence the work must be disclosed.
• Fundamental Errors: If a significant error is found, authors must notify the editor immediately and cooperate to correct or retract the paper.

• Contribution to Decisions: Reviewers assist editors in making editorial decisions and help authors improve their manuscripts.
• Promptness: Reviewers must notify the editor promptly if unable to review.
• Confidentiality: All manuscripts must be treated as confidential documents.
• Objectivity: Reviews must be objective, with clear arguments and no personal criticism of the authors.
• Conflict of Interest: Reviewers must not evaluate manuscripts where they have competing interests.

The publisher ensures independent editorial decisions, takes proactive measures against scientific misconduct, and collaborates with editors to address allegations, including issuing corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern when necessary.